 |
BEE - LINE LUO
EXPRESS:
AFRICAN - LUO TO ENGLISH TRANSLATION
101 COURSE CONTENTS / LESSON PLAN.
COURSE CODE: LTP - LUO - 101 / 0.5, BASIC LEVEL
COURSE CODE: LTP - LUO - 102 / 0.5, INTERMEDIARY. |
WEEK ONE, BASIC LEVEL, LESSON ONE
AFRICAN LUO - LANGO ALPHABET & PRONOUNCIATIONS:
The basic principle which was retained to establish the Luo alphabet, is that
every distinct sound or phoneme should always be transcribed by the same
distinct written form (either a single letter, or a cluster of letters), and conversely.
The Luo alphabet includes :
19 single letters : a, e, i, o, u, w, y, b, p, m, n, d, t, l, r, g, k, c, j. The letters h, f, q, s, x, and z are not used. 2 digraphs: ny and ng are used.
ALPHABET
SPELLING | PRONOUNCIATION
EXAMPLE 1 | A WORD
EXAMPLE 2 | AN ENGLISH
PRONOUNCIATION
EQUIVALENT |
|---|
| A, a | [a] amuka (rhino) | acel (one) | far, but cut short |
| E, e | [e] ento (but) | en (s/he) | bed |
| I, i | [i] icok (potatoe) | ikapu (basket) | kit |
| O, o | [o] okono (pumpkin) | ot (house) | off, lot |
| U, u | [u] ulaya (abroad) | unga (maize flour) |
too, to |
As you can see in this table, Luo - Lango contains
5 vowels. These are pronounced openly, without diphtongs,
like in Spanish or in Italian. They must always be kept short.
Unlike in English, two (or three) written vowels that follow each other
never merge together to form a single sound. Each keeps its own sound.
For example : ou is pronounced "o-oo" as in "go", au is pronounced "a-oo" as in "cow",
ei is pronounced "e-ee" as in "bay", ai is pronounced "a-ee" as in "tie", etc.
In theory, any vowel can be in succession with any other one.
|
ALPHABET
SPELLING |
PRONOUNCIATION
EXAMPLE 1 |
A WORD
EXAMPLE 2 |
AN ENGLISH
PRONOUNCIATION
EQUIVALENT |
|---|
| W, w | [w] wan (we) | waraga (balo) (you) | why, wow! |
| Y, y | [y] yataria (cross) | yat (tree) | at, but.
|
ALPHABET
SPELLING |
PRONOUNIATION
EXAMPLE 1 |
A WORD EXAMPLE 2 |
AN ENGLISH
PRONOUNCIATION
EQUIVALENT |
|---|
| B, b ... ba |
[ ] bac
(bus)- http://tinyurl.com/27ovqz
|
[ ] bal
(fault) |
bad |
| D, d |
[ ] dako
woman |
[] dakatal
hospital) |
dance |
| G, g |
[ ] gali
Bike |
[] gabo
(distributing) |
gabbage |
| J, j |
[ ] jonam
(Lake people)
|
[] jago
chief (on top) |
Janitor |
| K, k |
[ ] kabedo
shelter |
[] kano
(hiding) |
carlson |
| L, l |
[ ] lak
(teeth) |
[] lac
(wide) |
land |
| M, m |
[ ] mara
(love) |
[] myel
dancing |
manage |
| N, n |
[ ] nam
(ocean / Lake) |
[] nango
(licking) |
none |
| P, p |
[ ] paco
(home) |
[] pat
(different) |
party |
| R, r |
[ ] rayo
(collecting) |
[] rangi
(colour) |
rat |
| T, t |
[ ] tara
(lamp) |
[] tar
(white) |
tounge |
5. COMBINATIONS OF CONSONANTS :
ALPHABET
SPELLING |
PRONOUNCIATION
EXAMPLE 1 |
A WORD
EXAMPLE 2 |
AN ENGLISH
PRONOUNCIATION |
|---|
| Ny, ny |
[ ]
nyako
(girl) |
[] nyero
(laughter) |
foreignor |
| Ng, ng |
[ ] nga?
(who?) |
[] ngo
(what?) |
no |
6. TRANSLATION OF DIFFERENT WORDS
FORMED FROM CONSONANTS:
Please note that different words formed from consonants
may have similar meanings and can be used interchangably
e.g.Jago means "Chief" and Rwot also means "Chief"
Balo means "Letter" / Message and Waraga also means "Letter".
Some similar words on the other hand may have different
meanings
depending on how they are pronounced, e.g.
Lac (... prounced as in "up") means Urine, and
Lac (... pronounced as in "pack") means Wide.
The student is made more familiar with these few special
terminologies in the course of the language training.
EXERCISES
DISCUSSION AND PRONOUNCIATION PRACTICE WORDS
AND
AN EXERCISE IN TRANSLATION FROM LUO - LANGO TO ENGLISH
African Luo - * Lango To English Translation Sample * as would
would appear in the translation section of an examination.
Read out loud the following words, and translate the words
(followed by a dash in between brackets), from Luo - Lango into English.
- Additional words shall continually be added to this list -
|
Aa - amuka(rhino); acel(-); atat(grandmother); anyim(ahead);
Ee - ento(-); en(s/he); Epak(a name);
Ii - icok(-); ikapu(basket);
Oo - okono(pumpkin); ot(-);
Uu - ulaya(-); unga(maize flour);
Ww - waraga(-); wan(we); wa(us); winyo(bird); wang(eye);
Yy - yat(tree); yataria(-);
Bb - bac(-); bal(fault); bao(wood);
Pp - pat(different); paco(-); pali(pant);
Mm - maraika(-); malaya(prostitute); mac(fire); myel(dance);
Nn - nango(licking); nam(-); neno(seeing);
Dd - dakatal(hospital); dako(-);dyang(cow);
Tt - tai(tie); tara(lamp); tar(-);tam(thought);
Ll - lak(-); lyec(elephant); lango(a language);lac(wide);
Rr - rac(bad); rangi(-);
Gg - gali(-); gabo(distributing);
Kk - kabedo(-); kot(rain); kano(hiding);
Cc - cai(tea); cati(-), cem(food);
Jj - jakalia(zechariah); jago(-);
Nya / nya - nyako(-a); nying(name); nyero(-);
Nga / nga - nga(-); and ngatoro(someone).
|
|
